Impumelelo Ye-PMO Emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara

MEYI 2022

Isifinyezo

Isifundo esisithole ekuphazamisekeni okwenzeke eminyakeni embalwa edlule ukuthi ayikho impendulo eqondile yokunqoba ukuphazamiseka. Phakathi nenhlekelele, izinhlangano zaphendukela kongoti bamaphrojekthi abakwazile ukusebenzisa ithalente nezobuchwepheshe ukuze bathole isisombululo.

Ukuze iqonde ngokujulile izinselele ezingavamile kanye namathuba izinhlangano nabaphathi bamaphrojekthi ababhekana nazo ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba, i-Project Management Institute (PMI), eyigunya elihamba phambili emhlabeni ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi, kanye nenkampani ehlinzeka ngamasevisi emhlabeni, i-PwC, ziye zabambisana ekwenzeni ucwaningo emhlabeni nasesifundeni.

Lo mbiko, ogxile emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara, usebenzisa ubufakazi obutholakele kwinhlolovo yabaphathi bamaphrojekthi kanye nabaholi abaphezulu, nasezingxoxweni ezenziwe nongoti abangabaphathi bamaphrojekthi kanye nabaholi kuso sonke isifunda. Lokhu okutholakele kubonisa indlela Umnotho Wephrojekthi emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara ongakhiwa kabusha ngayo ngabantu abagxilile kusetshenziswa izindlela zobuchwepheshe zokuphathwa kwephrojekthi, ngendlela efanelana nezinselele eziqondile namathuba esifunda, umnotho wayo kanye nabantu bayo.

Amazwe Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara ayindawo egcwele amathuba. Njengoba inomnotho wephrojekthi okhula ngokushesha kanye nentsha eningi emhlabeni,¹ kunethuba elikhulu lokuheha abantu abasebasha emkhakheni wokuphathwa kwephrojekthi. Nakuba igagasi lokuphazamiseka kwezobuchwepheshe lishintsha ithuba lokuthuthuka komnotho wesifunda, ukuntuleka kobuchwepheshe obudala kunikeza amazwe Ase-Africa Aseningizimu YeSahara ithuba lokweqa iminotho esithuthukile ngokuguqulwa kwezobuchwepheshe.²

Ukuze zizuze ethubeni lokuthuthuka, izinhlangano ezengeziwe emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara aphendukela kubaphathi bamaphrojekthi ukuze banakekele izinqubo nezinguquko ezibucayi, kanye nokufaka imikhiqizo namasevisi emakethe ngokushesha. Empeleni, ucwaningo lwe-PMI muva nje lusanda kwembula ukuthi isidingo sokuphathwa kwephrojekthi–ukuqashwa kwezisebenzi (PMOE) esifundeni kulinganiselwa ukuba kukhule ngo-40% kusukela ku-2019 kuya ku-2030.³ Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwe-PMI ne-PwC emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara lugqamisa indlela izinhlangano ezingazibeka ngayo ethubeni lokuthuthukisa ukukhula.

Lo mbiko wocwaningo ugxile eziphethweni ezinkulu ezimbili zamazwe Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara:

1. Ukuthuthukiswa kwethalente kusemqoka. Izinhlangano zingakhanga futhi sigcine ithalente lephrojekthi ngokunika amandla nokuthuthukisa amakhono.
2. Ubuchwepheshe busemqoka ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela. Izixazululo ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ezidlulela ngale kokubika okuvamile zingathuthukisa imiphumela yephrojekthi kanye nokuqondanisa amasu.

Umlando Wocwaningo

NgoJulayi nango-Agasti 2021, i-PwC ne-PMI zenza ucwaningo emhlabeni jikelele kubantu abangu-4,069 ababandakanyeka ekuholeni noma ekuqondiseni ukulethwa kwamaphrojekthi, izinhlelo, namaphothifoliyo. Inhlolovo ihlola indlela amaphrojekthi, izinhlelo kanye namaphothifoliyo abaphathi bamaphrojekthi nezinhlangano zabo. Ingqikithi yabangu-458 abaphendulile emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara abanomthwalo wokuphatha iphrojekthi babamba iqhaza, abangu-225 abaphendulile bekungabaphathi abakhulu.

Ukuze iqonde kangcono izici eziqondisa lokhu okwenzekayo kula mazwe nokwembula amathuba okuthuthuka, i-PwC ne-PMI iye yaxoxa nongoti abaningana bokuphathwa kwephrojekthi. Lokhu kuqonda kuzosiza kulethe izibonelo ezingokoqobo ekuqondeni okusemqoka okuningi okutholakale kwinhlolovo yomhlaba wonke.

*Igama elithi “PMO” elisetshenziswe kulolu cwaningo libhekisela kula mahhovisi alandelayo: i-program management office (PgMO), i-project portfolio management office (PPMO) kanye ne-enterprise PMO (ePMO). Siphinde sisebenzisa okuthi “PMO” ukubhekisela emahhovisi asebenzisa ngokoqobo amasu ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise “amaphrojekthi,” “ushintsho lwenhlangano,” “okusha okulethwayo,” njll. (ngokwesibonelo, Ihhovisi Elinakekela Amasu, Ihhovisi Elinakekela Ushintsho, Ihhovisi Elinakekela Imikhiqizo, njll.).

Amaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu

Lolu cwaningo ludalule iqembu lezinhlangano ezingu-230 emhlabeni jikelele (kuhlanganise ezingu-21 emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara) ezinamahhovisi asebenza kahle kakhulu okuphathwa kwephrojekthi (PMOs). Izinkampani ezine-PMO ekhulile zinamathuba amaningi okwenza kahle uma ziqhathaniswa nangonyaka odlule ezimpawini ezivamile zokusebenza kwebhizinisi njengemali etholwa yibhizinisi, ukunamathela kwamakhasimende kanye nokutholwa kwawo, inhlalo, umphakathi kanye nokuphatha (ESG) (bheka Isithombe 1).

Sizobiza lezi zinhlangano ngokuthi “Amaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu” phakathi nalo mbiko njengesisekelo salokho izinhlangano emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara ezingakwenza ukuze zijoyine. Amaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu achazwa ngokugcwele embikweni wethu wakamuva, Ukukhula Kwe-PMO: Izifundo Ezivela Esigabeni Esiphezulu Emhlabeni.

Sibuze abaholi abaphezulu (abaphathi abaphezulu noma abasezikhundleni ezilingana nalezo) emhlabeni jikelele indlela izinhlangano ezasebenza ngayo ngo-2020 uma kuqhathaniswa no-2019. Izinkomba ezine zokusebenza kahle zikaliwe: imali engenayo, ukuthola amakhasimende amasha, ukwaneliseka kwekhasimende/ubuqotho, indawo, umphakathi, kanye nezinkomba zokuphatha (ESG). Isithombe 1 siqhathanisa izimpendulo zabaphathi abaphezulu kumaphesent Ayishumi Aphezulu (n = 73) kanye nezinhlangano ezisemazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara (n = 225).

Isithombe 1: Ukusebenza Kwenhlangano

Umthombo: Inhlolovo Eyenziwa Emhlabeni Jikelele Ye-PMI Ne-PwC Emayelana Noguquko Nokuphathwa Kweprojekthi 2021. Izimpendulo ezivela kubaphathi abakhulu kuphela.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwethalente Kusemqoka

Ithalente eliselisha lizibonakalisa ngokushesha liyimpahla ebalulekile emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara. Phakathi kwamanje no-2050, iZizwe Ezihlangene ziqagela ukuthi ukwanda okungaphezu kwengxenye kwenani labantu emhlabeni kuzokwenzeka e-Afrika, futhi izoba yindawo enamadolobha akhula ngokushesha.⁴ Ukuze zizuze kulokhu, izinhlangano kumelwe zitshale izimali kwiphrojekthi lokuthola ithalente akwenze lokho kube yinto emqoka. Lokhu ngeke kugcine nje ngokuzuzisa ibhizinisi, njengoba kugqanyiswe kokuthi Ukuvala Igebe Lethalente, kungasiza nasekunqobeni izinselele zokuqasha nokuthuthukisa izisebenzi etholakala emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara.

“Awukwazi ukuphatha i-PMO ngaphandle kwabaphathi bephrojekthi abanekhono. Abaphathi bephrojekthi abafeza okulindelwe ababambiqhaza bakha uthi banakekele ukubohlobo ukuze amathimba abo ephrojekthi enze okwengeziwe. Kubaluleke ngendlela efanayo ukuba nabaphathi bephrojekthi abakwazi ukubhekana nezimo ezinzima, futhi babhekana nabantu abadinga ukukhuthazwa ngezindlela ezingavamile. La makhono asemqoka ukuze iphumelele i-PMO.”

U-ALEK SHUM
Ophethe I-PMO Nosiyikhulu Sezisebenzi Eqenjini Eliphethe, Imisebenzi Nezobuchwepheshe, Ecobank Group

Ukunikeza Abaphathi Bamaphrojekthi Amakhono Amandla Amakhulu

Ukucabanga amasu, ukuvumelana nezimo, kanye namakhono okuxhumana nabanye athuthukisa ukubambisana kanye nemiphumela yethonya—lana ngamakhono avezwe amazwe Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara njengabaluleke kakhulu ekuphothuleni iphrojekthi ephumelelayo kanye nemiphumela ye-PMO (bheka Isithombe 2). Abaphathi bamaphrojethi abanalamakhono bangasebenzisa indlela abaqonda ngayo imigomo yenhlangano kanye nomsebenzi wenhlangano wamanje ukuze baqikelele ukuthi kwenziwa amaphrojekthi afanele ngesikhathi esifanele.

Isithombe 2: Amakhono Nobungcweti

Umthombo: Inhlolovo Eyenziwa Emhlabeni Jikelele Ye-PMI Ne-PwC Emayelana Noguquko Nokuphathwa Kweprojekthi 2021.

Ukuze baphumelele ezindimeni zabo, abaphathi bamaphrojekthi abanalamakhono asemqoka kumelwe banikwe inkululeko yokwenza izinqumo zomsebenzi. Lokho kwaqashelwa njengenselele engase ibe khona emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara, anabantu abakholelwa emasikweni ahlukahlukene abenza bazibone bevelele kunabanye. “Ukuziphatha kungase kube yinselele,” kuchaza uJustin Doyle, umholi ovumelana neziwe we-PMO e-Discovery Limited, eNingizimu Afrika. “Abaphathi abasha bamaphrojekthi kulindeleke ukuba emsebenzini bakwazi ukuzicabangela, babe nentshisekelo yomsebenzi, bese bebuyela emakhaya abo endaweni engakukhuthazi lokho.”

UDoyle ugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuhola ngokubambisana lapho kuthuthukiswa ukuziphatha: “Kumelwe kwenziwe ngendlela engasusi ubunikazi kwabanye abantu, kusetshwenziswe amasu anjengohlelo lwe-SAFe^® lokuhlela ukukhushuelwa ukuze kunakekelwe ukubambisana ndawo zonke, esikhundleni sokuthi umphathi wephrojekthi oyedwa kube uyena olawula into ethile.”

“Isiko lasemazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningimu YeSahara lisekelwe ezigabeni zokubusa. Kodwa abanya baqala ukuzimela manje engqondweni yabo nasebuntwini babo. Ngakho kudingeka ubasondeze eduze ubazi ngokoqobo. Kudingeka bakuthembe futhi baqiniseke ukuthi ubakhathalela ngempela. Lokhu kunzima kakhulu, ukwakha lobo buhlobo. Yingakho ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi kuyinto emnandi kodwa futhi enezinselele.”

UDELE DANIEL
Umphathi Wephrojekthi Ye-IT Ovumelana Nezimo, Tincan Island Container Terminal (Bolloré Group), eNigeria

Yenza Ukufunda Nokuthuthukisa Kube Yisu Elisemqoka

Ukuze bandise umthelela wesu labo, abaphathi bamaphrojethi kuzodingeka baqeqeshwe futh belulekwe ukuze babe nobungcweti namakhono adingeka kumphathi wephrojekthi wesimanje. Kodwa izinhlangano eziningi kula mazwe azilo isu elisebenza kahle lokuthuthukisa ithalente. Ukuze kuliwe nenkinga yokuthola abantu abamqoka, kuhlanganise ukuvala igebe lokungalingani nokweseka idlanzana elinekhono elithwele kanzima, izinhlangano kudingeka zitshale izimali kubaphathi bazo bephrojekthi futhi zigweme ukuncika kakhulu ezinkonzweni ezihlinzekwa yizinkampani ezingaphandle, ngokusho kongoti esifundeni.

“Amakhono okuphathwa kwephrojekthi kudingeka athuthukiswe ngezinga lebhizinisi lokuqeqeshwa, kube nokuchayeka okwengeziwe ekuqeqeshweni okuvela kubaphathi abaphezulu enhlanganweni. Abaholi kudingeka bachazele abaphathi bamaphrojekthi abezayo ukuthi kungani kubalulekile ubandakanyeka kwabo ekuqondeni isu lenhlangano nokuthi bayakweseka ukuphothulwa kwawo. Umsebenzi we-PMO ungaphezu nje komsebenzi wokuthumela amaphrojekthi, ukwazi ukubona lokho okwenzekayo nalokho okungasebenzi, ungaba usizo ngisho nakumaphrojekthi esifunda sonke. Ukusebenzisa kulesi sigaba kuyinikeza ukubaluleka enako njengomsebenzi futhi izokwenza abantu babe nesifiso kule ndima, njengoba iwumgogodla wendlela inkampani engaphumelela ngayo.”

UPHUMZA DYANI
Isikhulu Esiphezulu Sokukhangisa Nokuthengisa, e-Broadband Infraco SOC Limited, eNingizimu Afrika

Isithombe 3: Ukwakha Ubungcweti

Umthombo: Inhlolovo Eyenziwa Emhlabeni Jikelele Ye-PMI Ne-PwC Emayelana Noguquko Nokuphathwa Kweprojekthi 2021.

Ukuqeqesha nokuthuthukisa amasu kudingeka kuxhunyaniswe ngokucacile nezinjongo zennhlangano, futhi zilandelelwe ziphinde zibuyekezwe njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zihlangabezana nezidingo zebhizinisi futhi zenza inzuzo (ROI). Nokho, emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara, inhlangano eyodwa kwezinhlanu enaleyo nqubo. Uma kuqhathaniswa, u-47% Wamaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu uqapha izinhlelo zawo zokuqeqesha bese u-50% uzibuyekeza njalo. Ngenxa yokuntuleka yokulandelela nokubuyekeza, izinhlangano eziningi emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara awakwazi ukuveza i-ROI, okwenezela ekuntulekeni kokubekwa phambili kwamasu.

Sebenzisa Amasu Okusebenza E-PMO Ngokwesekwa Abaphathi Abakhulu

Izinhlangano emhlabeni ziyayiqaphela indima ye-PMO ekuvaleni igebe phakathi kokusungula amasu nokuwasebenzisa. Ukudlulela ngale kokwenziwa kwephrojekthi, ziletha amaphrojekthi avumelana nemigomo yenhlangano, kanye nokubambisana nokuxhumana okusekela iphrojekthi. Ama-PMO kumelwe azinamathelise eswini lenhlangano futhi aveze izinkolelo zawo.

Kuqinisa Ukuxhumana Phakathi Kwe-PMO Nabaphathi Abakhulu Ukuze Kuvezwe Ukubaluleka Kwamasu

Ukuze kunikwe i-PMO amandla okugxila emiphumeleni yesu, ukukhuluma kwabaphathi abakhulu kusemqoka. Ucwaningo lwethu lubonise ukuthi kuyisici esivame kakhulu se-PMO ethuthuke kakhulu.⁵ Amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nane kumaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu athe abaphathi babo abakhulu bayayeseka futhi bayibona ibalulekile i-PMO futhi bayibheka njengento ababambisene nayo.

Ukwamukela umthwalo we-PMO esigabeni sabaphathi abakhulu kuqinisa leli su okubambisana. Amaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa kumaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu ama-PMO anabameleli ezingeni lebhodi, uma kuqhathaniswa no-58% wama-PMO emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara. Lokhu kuxhumana nomthelela omkhulu wesu: Amaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu cishe anamathuba aphindeke kabili okuvumelanisa izinhlelo nezinkomba eziyinhloko zokusebenza (KPIs) kanye nemigomo yamasu enhlangano (94% ngokumelene no-50% wezinhlangano ezisemazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara).

Ukusebenzisana kwezikhulu eziphezulu kanye ne-PMO kuthuthukisa isivinini kanye nezinga lenhlangano lokwenza izinqumo, kuhlanganise nekhono lokuvumelanisa amaphrojekthi nezifiso osekunesikhathi zilangazelelwa. Ubuhlobo buzuzisa nhlangothi zonke: abaholi abakhulu bangazuza ekuqondeni kwama-PMO konke okuqukethwe kanye nendlela amaphrojekthi anomthelela ngayo enhlanganweni yonkana, kuyilapho ama-PMO ezoqonda kangcono ukuthi isu libheka ngakuphi. Ngokwesekwa abaphathi abakhulu, i-PMO ingaqondisa ukusabalaliswa okuphumelela kangcono kwezinsiza eziya kumaphrojekthi ezizosiza ekwenzeni ibhizinisi liphumelele.

Okungafundwa amazwe Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara Ngokukhula Kwe-PMO kumaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu

Funda umbiko wethu womhlaba jikelele Ukukhula Kwe-PMO: Izifundo Ezivela Esigabeni Esiphezulu Emhlabeni ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe ngokufana okukhona kuma-PMO asethuthuke kakhulu nendlela ukusekela kwabaphathi abaphezulu okuwasiza ngayo akhe izinzuzo zesikhathi eside sezinhlangano zawo.

UCWANINGO: Vitality RSA

Ukuvumelanisa Izinhlelo Nabaphathi Abaphezulu Ne-PMO

UJustin Doyle uyinhloko ye-Agile PMO ye-Vitality RSA, eyingxenye ye-Discovery Limited, eNingizimu Afrika. Unomthwalo wokuphothulwa kwephrojekthi ebhizinisini lenhlalakahle le-Vitality, ugxile ekwenzeni amasu avumelane futhi kuthuthukiswe ukugeleza kwemibono emisha nokuphothulwa kokuhleliwe.

UJustin Doyle uhola i-PMO ye-Vitality futhi ubamba iqhaza ku-Ops Exco ye-Vitality. Njengodokotela osheshayo, unentshisekelo enkulu yokusiza izinhlangano zisebenzise imithetho yokusebenza ngokushesha kanye namasu okunakekela umsebenzi ukuze kuphuculwe isikhathi sokuqedwa kwephrojekthi. E-Vitality, wasiza ngokusungula inqubo eyisixazululo ehlanganisa abantu abahlukahlukene ukuze kusheshiswe ukukhiqiza nokuvivinya, okubizwa ngokuthi “Yinkundla Yokuxazulula Izinkinga.”

Isivinini sokuhambisa sisemqoka e-Vitality. Okuhleliwe kuyadingidwa ezingeni eliphezulu bese kwenziwa amathimba amancane agxile kulowo msebenzi. La maseshini ahloselwe ukunikeza imininingwane eyanele ukuze kwenziwe ezinqumo ezisheshayo mayelana nokwenza noma ukungenzi.

Ukuze kuqikelelwe ukuthi izinsiza ziqondiswe emizamweni evumelana nezinkolelo eziyinhloko ze-Vitality, Inkundla Yokuxazulula Izinkinga iholwa ababambiqhaza abaphethe abayinhloko, kuhlanganise Umphathi Omkhulu Wokusebenza, Inhloko Yezocwaningo Nentuthuko, Inhloko Yezinhlelo Zamasu, kanye Nesikhulu Esiphezulu Semininingwane.

Uhlelo oluzodlula kule Nkundla Yokuxazulula Izinkinga luzohlangabezana nalezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Ingxoxo yokuqala phakathi kwabaholi bebhizinisi nababambiqaza ehlola udaba lwephrojekthi yebhizinisi, kubukwe ubukhulu, ubunkimbinkimbi, kanye nendlela ezokhiqiza ngayo imikhiqizo ngendlela ezuzisa ngokucacile inhlangano, amakhasimende nomphakathi.
• Lokhu kuzothunyelwa Enkundleni Yokuxazulula Izinkinga ukuze iqonde ubukhulu nobunkimbinkimbi bephrojekthi, nokuthi ingabe iyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zebhizinisi.
• Iphrojekthi ingase ingene emijikelezweni eminingana yokufuna isixazululo ukuze kuqondwe izimfuneko zohlelo kanye nezixazululo ezingasetshenziswa. Lokhu kwakha udaba lwebhizinisi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi luyafaneleka futhi luvumelana nemigomo yenhlangano.
• Lokhu kusekelwa ngemihlangano yamasonto onke okuqondisa iphrojekthi eyethanyelwa yizo zonke izikhulu eziphezulu, ukuze zibonakale kuwo wonke umsebenzi wephrojekthi.

Umphumela oyinhloko Wenkundla Yokuxazulula Izinkinga ukuthola isilinganiso esifanele sohlelo ukuze ababambiqhaza bakwazi ukukala ubukhulu bohlelo nezinzuzo zebhizinizi ezingalindelwa. Lokhu kuvumela ukuphindeka ngokushesha komklamo esikhundleni sokuhweba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isixazululo ‘silungele’ ubukhulu bethuba.

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko:

• Ukuhweba okungcono kanye nokuthatha isinqumo ngenxa yezinhlelo ezibonakala kakhudlwana
• Ukwenza lula ukugeleza kwezinhlelo kumathimba okukhiqiza okuthuthukisa isikhathi sokulethwa komkhiqizo
• Ukuvumelanisa izixazululo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zebhizinisi
• Ukongiwa kwemali okuphawulekayo
• Ukuthunyelwa ngokushesha kwemikhiqizo kumakhasimende

Ubuchwepheshe busemqoka ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela

I-PMI^® Global Megatrends 2022 ibika ukwamukela ukusebenzisa ezobuchwepheshe ukuze kuthuthukiswe imiphumela yephrojekthi kuzokwanda kakhulu ngo-2026. Njengoba isidingo sabaphathi bamaphrojekthi abasebenzisa ezobuchwepheshe sikhula, ama-PMO emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara kudingeka atshale izimali kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuqeqesha ukuze angasali emuva.

Kodwa izingxoxo emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningimu YeSahara embula ukuthi ubuchwepheshe abusetshenziswa ngokugcwele kule ndawo. Nakuba izisombululo zobuchwepheshe zisetshenziselwa ukuphuma enkingeni kanye nemisebenzi yokubika okuvamile, izinhlangano eziningi zisancike emaphepheni nakwezinye izisombululo ezenziwa ngesandla ukuze kuhlelwe, kulungiswe, futhi kuhlaziywe amaphrojekthi.

“Ukuze kuqaliswe amaphrojekthi, enkampanini ebengikuyo ngokudlule sathuthukisa izinqubo zethu sisuka [ekufakeni ngokoqobo] saya esisombululweni esizenzakalelayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ubani angaqalisa iphrojekthi etafuleni lakhe, kuzoba ukulandelana komsebenzi futhi lokho kungachazwa kuze kufike kubaphathi abakhulu. Ungathola impendulo ngokushesha ebuholini obuphezulu.”

UBARONG ASIODU
Umphathi Ophezulu Wokusungulwa Kokusha Enkampanini, Coca Cola Africa

Yamukela Ezobuchwepheshe Ezithe Thuthu Ukuze Kuthuthukiswe Ukukhula Kwe-PMO

Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusekela ukugxila eswini le-PMO—ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusebenza nge-inthanethi ukuze kube lula ukufinyelela imininingwane yephrojekthi—kunganika izinhlangano amandla okuncintisana emakethe yamanje. Ngokuqondile, i-PMI iqagela ukuthi i-artificial intelligence (AI) kanye nobuchwephe obuzenzakalelayo buzoba nomthelela omkhulu esikhathini esizayo ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi, emakhonweni abalulekile njengokwenza izinqumo, ukunakekela izingozi, kanye nokuhlaziya imininingwane. Kodwa okwamanje ukusetshenziswa kwe-AI kuphansi. Nakuba u-51% wabaphendulile emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara becabanga ukuthi i-AI izosetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwamaphrojekthi eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, ngu-14% kuphela wezinhlangano kula mazwe ayisebenzisayo kumaphrojekthi azo.

Ukwamukela ubuchwepheshe kungakhulula abaphathi bamaphrojekthi ekwenzeni imisebenzi ephindaphindayo ukuze bagxile emaswini kanye nasekuzameni izinto ezintsha. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuze kuvumelaniswe izinqubo ze-PMO kuyo yonke imisebenzi, i-PMO ingaqinisekisa ukuthi amaphrojekthi ayenziwa futhi avumelana nemigomo yesu njalo lapho eqalwa.

Ubuchwepheshe buyinto ebalulekile ekukhuliseni ukuphathwa kwamaphrojekthi nokukhula kwe-PMO. Kodwa izinhlangano kula mazwe kumewe zinqobe izithiyo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza nokuhola.

Lungisa Izithiyo Ngokusebenzisa Ubuchwepheshe

Kuyinselele kuma-PMO ukuba nemali yokutshala ezisombululweni zobuchwepheshe nokukhuthaza izisebenzi ukuba zamukele izindlela ezintsha zokusebenza ezigxile kwezobuchwepheshe (bheka Isithombe 4). Kuzodingeka bacabangele:

• Indlela yokwanda okwebhizinisi okusebenzisa ezobuchwepheshe ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi.
• Indlela yokwakha isiko lezobuchwepheshe ngokutshala emakhonweni ezobuchwephshe.

Isithombe 4: Izithiyo Zokusebenzisa Ezobuchwepheshe

Umthombo: Inhlolovo Eyenziwa Emhlabeni Jikelele Ye-PMI Ne-PwC Emayelana Noguquko Nokuphathwa Kweprojekthi 2021.

Yenza Okwebhizinisi Ekuphathweni Kwephrojekthi Kusetshenziswa Ubuchwepheshe

Ukugunyazwa kwesabelomali sesisombulula sobuchwepheshe sokuphathwa kwephrojekthi ikakhulukazi okuyinselele emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara. “Asiphili ezwekazini elicebile,” kuchaza uDele Daniel, umphathi wephrojekthi ye-IT ovumelana nezimo we-Tincan Island Container Terminal (Bolloré Group). “Amaningi ala mathuluzi avela eYurophu naseNyakathi Melika futhi asabiza kakhuu uma eqhathaniswa nenzuzo yonyaka yezinhlangano zethu eziningi.” Ama-PMO emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara ngokuvamile kudingeka ancintisane nezinye izingxenye zebhizinisi ukuze ahehe ukutshalwa kwezimali kwangaphakathi futhi kube nesizathu sokusebenzisa imali.

Ukuchaza umthelela wokwamukela ubuchwepheshe bokuphathwa kwephrojekthi ekufinyeleleni imigomo yenhlangano kubalulekile. Ukusetshenziswa kwamasu kanye namathuluzi okuqaphela izinzuzo, ngokwesibonelo, angasiza abaholi abaphezulu ukuba benze izinqumo benolwazi ngokubavumela ukuba babone intuthuko emisebenzini ebucayi yamaphrojekthi. Ukulandelela ngokuseduze izinzuzo ezilethwa ezobuchwepheshe kungasiza ekutholeni utshalo malo esikhathini esizayo kwezobuchwepheshe ezintsha.

U-93% Wamaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu usebenzisa ngokuqhubekayo imininingwane ukuze wenze izinqumo uma kuqhathaniswa no-44% wamazwe Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara.

Yakha Isiko Lezobuchwepheshe Ngokutshala Ekuqeqeshweni Kamakhono Ezobuchwepheshe

Enye inselele kula mazwe isiko elisafufusa lezobuchwepheshe elimelene noshintsho. Ngaphezu kwengxenye yabaphendulile emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara bacabanga ukuthi isiko lobuchwepheshe obunganele linyelinye lezithiyo eziyinhloko ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe (bheka Isithombe 4). Ukukhathazeka ngokuphepha komsebenzi, kanye nokuntuleka kwamakhono obuchwepheshe, kungenza kube nzima nakakhulu ukufaka izindlela zokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ezisebenzini nsuku zonke.

UBayo Adenrele, umphathi wephrojekthi onesipiliyoni kanye nevolontiya e-PMI Africa Working Group, ngokuvamile kudingeka aqinisekise abantu ukuthi ubuchwepheshe buzothuthukisa indima yomphathi wephrojekthi. “Ubuchwepheshe ngeke buthathe indawo yomphathi wephrojekthi,” kusho uBayo. “Ubuchwepheshe ngeke bucabange ngokuqala iphrojekthi noma buchaze isizathu sokuqala iphrojekthi. Ungasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukunikeza ubufakazi bokuqala iphrojekthi, kodwa ngeke buhlanganise izinsiza ngaphansi komgomo noma umbono owodwa ngendlela umphathi wephrojekthi angenza ngayo.”

Ukukhuthaza izisebenzi ukuba zamukele ubuchwepheshe kuzodinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe ebungcwetini bezobuchwepheshe. I-World Economic Forum ilinganisela ukuthi amakhono obuchwepheshe asilele ngemuva e-Afrika yonkana, leli zwekazi linesibalo esingu-3.6 uma liqhathaniswa no-4.7 eYurophu kanye no-5.5 e-United States.⁶ Ukutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe ekuqeqeshweni kwezobuchwepheshe kuzosiza abaphathi bamaphrojekthi baqonde indlela obungathuthukisa ngayo indima yabo nendlela izisombululo zobuchwepheshe ezingabanika ngayo isikhathi esengeziwe abangasisebenzisa emaswini nasezintweni ezintsha zebhizinisi.

Amaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu cishe anamathuba aphindeke kabili kunezinhlangano ezisemazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara ukuba asebenzise izisombululo zobuchwepheshe ukusekela ukuphatha nokunakekelwa kwezingozi. Ukuphatha okunamandla kuyinsika yawo wonke umsebenzi we-PMO. Amaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu abonisa umthelela omuhle ongalethwa ubuchwepheshe emsebenzini wabo; u-93% wamaphesenti Ayishumi Aphezulu uwukuqondisa ukuphatha, izingozi kanye nezindaba zokulandelwa komthetho ngaso sonke isikhathi, uma kuqhathaniswa no-46% wezinhlangano ezisemazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara.

Ukuvumela ukufinyelela bukhoma imininingwane ehlaziyiwe kuphinde kusize i-PMO kanye nenhlangano ukuba ihileleke ngokuqondile ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi ngokudalula nangokusombulula izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zithole ithuba lokulimaza iphrojekthi. Ubuchwepheshe bungasetshenziswa ukwakha umthombo owodwa weqiniso osetsheniswa emininingwaneni eyinhloko yephrojekthi, kusekele izinqumo ezisekelwe emininingwaneni.

Isithombe 5: Ukusetshenziswa Kobuchwepheshe Okuthuthukile

Umthombo: Inhlolovo Eyenziwa Emhlabeni Jikelele Ye-PMI Ne-PwC Emayelana Noguquko Nokuphathwa Kweprojekthi 2021.

Umyalezo Wokwenza

Okungenzeka emazweni Ase-Afrika Aseningizimu YeSahara kusezandleni zabantu. Ngokwakha amasu ethalente avumelana nezimo nezidingo zendawo nathuthukisa izisebenzi ezisebenzisa ezobuchwepheshe, izinhlangano zingasebenzisa leli thuba ukuze zandise ukukhula kwazo. Izenzo ezingacatshangelwa zihlanganisa:

• Qaphela umthelela wesu lomphathi wephrojekthi futhi uthuthukise lokhu ngokutshala ekwenziweni kwezinqumo ezinhle ebhizinisini, amakhono okuxhumana nokuhola ngokubambisana, nangokubanika izwi ezingxoxweni zamasu.
• Yakho isu lethalente lezisebenzi zokuphathwa kwephrojekthi elixhuene nemigomo yenhlangano ukuze kukhuliswe ukubaluleka kwalo.
• Klama i-PMO ugxile ekwenzeni nasekuletheni imiphumela yamasu enhlanganweni. Vula okungeziwa yisu le-PMO ngokuthuthukisa ukubambisana phakathi kwabaphathi abakhulu kanye ne-PMO.
• Yamukela ukushintshela esikweni lezobuchwepheshe esigabeni se-PMO nesabaphathi abakhulu, futhi usekele lokhu ngokwandiswa kwamakhono ezobuchwepheshe.

Ukuvuma

I-PwC ne-PMI ithanda ukubonga wonke umuntu obambe iqhaza kwinhlolovo nasezingxoxweni okubhekiselwe kuzo kulo mbiko.

Mayelana Ne-PwC

E-PwC, injongo yethu ukwakha ukwethenjwa wumphakathi futhi sixazulule izinkinga ezibalulekile. Siwumfelandawonye wezinkampani emazweni angu-155 futhi sinabantu abangaphezu kuka-284 000 abazibophozele ukuhlinzeka ngamasevisi asezingeni eliphezulu kwezokuqinisekiswa kwemininigwane, ukweluleka, nakwezentela. Thola okwengeziwe ngokusivakashela ku www.pwc.com. I-PwC ibhekisela kumfelandawonye we-PwC kanye/noma inkampani eyodwa eyilungu noma ngaphezulu, ngayinye ezimele ngokomthetho. Sicela ubheke ku www.pwc.com/structure ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe.

Lo mbiko uwukubambisana phakathi kwe-PMI ne-PwC Research. I-PwC Research iyithimba elinabacwaningi abangongoti abazinze e-PwC UK, elinikeza ubufakazi nokuqonda okusiza ekwenzeni ushintsho, eleseka ukuthathwa kwezinqumo, linciphise izingozi futhi lithuthukise ukusebenza. www.pwc.co.uk/pwcresearch.

Mayelana Ne-Project Management Institute (PMI)

I-PMI iyinhlangano ehamba phambili emhlabeni ebhekelele umphakathi okhulayo wezigidi zongoti bamaphrojekthi kanye nalabo abenza ushintsho emhlabeni jikelele.

Njengegunya elihamba phambili emhlabeni ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi, i-PMI isiza abantu baguqule imibono ibe yinto engokoqobo. Isebenzisa izinkundla zengxoxo emhlabeni jikelele, ukuxhumana nabanye, ukubambisana, ucwaningo, nemfundo, i-PMI ilungiselela izinhlangano nabantu ukuba basebenze ngendlela ehlakaniphile ukuze bathuthukise impumelelo ezweni loshintsho.

Ukwakhela phezu kwesisekelo esabekwa ngo-1969, i-PMI iyinhlangano “efeza injongo ethile” esebenza cishe kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni ukuze kuthuthukiswe imisebenzi, kuqiniswe impumelelo yenhlangano, futhi kunikezwe labo abenza ushintsho amakhono nezindlela ezintsha zokusebenza ukuze babe nomthelela omkhudlwana. Okuhlinzekwa yi-PMI kuhlanganisa izindlela ezamukelwayo emhlabeni jikelele, izitifiketi, izifundo ezenziwa ku-inthanethi, ukuvezwa kwemibono, amathuluzi, izincwadi eziku-inthanethi nezifundwa ngemishini, kanye nemiphakathi.

Vakashela ku PMI.org, ProjectManagement.com, Facebook, Twitter, naku LinkedIn.

1 I-Project Management Institute (PMI). (2020). Umbiko Wophawu Lwe-PMI 2020: Izitayela Zebhizinisi Ezingu-6 Emhlabeni Eziqhuba Umnotho Weprojekthi Nalokho Ezikushoyo Ngabaholi Bephrojekthi. PMI Ukuvezwa Kwemibono.

2 PwC. (2016). Ukuphazamisa I-Afrika: Ukugibela Igagasi Loshintsho Lwezobuchwepheshe PwC.

3 I-Project Management Institute (PMI). (2021). Igebe Lethalente: Obekwenzeka Eminyakeni Eyishumi Ngokuphathelene Nemisebenzi, Izindleko, Kanye Nemithelela Emhlabeni Jikelele. PMI.

4 Project Management Institute (PMI). (2020). Umbiko Wophawu Lwe-PMI 2020: Izitayela Zebhizinisi Ezingu-6 Emhlabeni Eziqhuba Umnotho Weprojekthi Nalokho Ezikushoyo Ngabaholi Bephrojekthi. PMI Ukuvezwa Kwemibono.

5 Project Management Institute (PMI) & PwC. (2022). Ukukhula Kwe-PMO: Izifundo Ezivela Esigabeni Esiphezulu Emhlabeni. PMI & PwC.

6 BCG (2020). Umjaho Wokusebenzisa Ezobuchwepheshe E-Afrika.

©2022 Project Management Institute. Onke amalungelo agodliwe. “PMI,” uphawu lwe-PMI nesiqubulo esithi “Powering the Project Economy” kuyizimpawu ze-Project Management Institute, Inc. Ukuze uthole uhlu oluphelele lwezimpawu zokuhweba ze-PMI, xhumana noMnyango Wezomthetho We-PMI. “I-PwC” kanye nophawu lwe-PwC yizimpawu ze-PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited (PwCIL). Zonke ezinye izimpawu zokuhweba, izimpawu zesevisi, amagama okuhweba, amakheli okuhweba, amagama emikhiqizo kanye nezimpawu ezivela lapha ziyimpahla zabaninizo. Noma yimaphi amalungelo anganikezwanga ngokuqondile lapha agodliwe.
CNT-22-035-TL(05/2022)